What is the Process for DNA Testing?

When you need to undergo a DNA test for any reason, you might be curious how the process works. DNA testing is a science.  The method of performing the test requires a lab and specialized machinery. This article will help you to understand the process behind DNA testing.

Sample Collection

This can be any bodily fluid or hair from a person, as they all carry DNA. The most common, and least invasive sample taken is a swab of the inside of your cheek.

Lyse Cells

This process will break down the membranes of the cells.  Typically, performed by adding an enzyme to a solution containing the DNA sample.

Separation

There are multiple ways to separate DNA.  However, the most common is a process called electrophoresis. This method uses an electric field to sort molecules in a sample. The unique molecular structure of DNA forces it away from the rest of the sample.

Copying 

A process called PCR is used to generate copies of the DNA.  These copies are then be tested for genetic markers.

Testing

Testing is the finding of genetic markers in the DNA that identify relationship. There are thousands of known genetic markers, but a relationship DNA test reports on 16 to 21 specific genetic markers that can prove a genetic relationship.

Matching

Now that markers have been obtained, they can be matched against an unknown DNA sample.  This will help to show if the unknown is the same person as the DNA donor. In the case of a paternity DNA test, the potential father must match half of the child’s genetic markers; the other half come from the mother.

If you have any other questions about DNA testing, or need a DNA test for other reasons, contact Endeavor DNA today. We provide accurate results and discreet service.